East or West INDIA is the Best

Ashoka Chakra
 
India
 
Ashoka Chakra


India
Indian Independence Day | Maps On Indian History | Indian Geography, Communications, Population, Transport | GreatThings

E-Mail ID's of Loksabha Members
Council Of Ministers
E-Mail ID's of Rajyasabha Members

Satyameva Jayate
Indian Geography
  • Location: Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and Pakistan
  • Geographic Coordinates: 20 00 N, 77 00 E
  • Map References: Asia
  • Area:
    total: 3,287,590 sq km
    land: 2,973,190 sq km
    water: 314,400 sq km
  • Area - Comparative: slightly more than one-third the size of the US
  • Land Boundaries:
    total: 14,103 km
    border countries: Bangladesh 4,053 km, Bhutan 605 km, Burma 1,463 km, China 3,380 km, Nepal 1,690 km, Pakistan 2,912 km
  • Coastline: 7,000 km
  • Maritime Claims:
    contiguous zone:24 nm
    continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
    exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
    territorial sea: 12 nm
  • Climate: varies from tropical monsoon in south to temperate in north
  • Terrain: upland plain (Deccan Plateau) in south, flat to rolling plain along the Ganges, deserts in west, Himalayas in north
  • Elevation Extremes:
    lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
    highest point: Kanchenjunga 8,598 m
  • Natural Resources: coal (fourth-largest reserves in the world), iron ore, manganese, mica, bauxite, titanium ore, chromite, natural gas, diamonds, petroleum, limestone, arable land
  • Land Use:
    arable land: 56%
    permanent crops: 1%
    permanent pastures: 4%
    forests and woodland: 23%
    other: 16% (1993 est.)
  • Irrigated Land: 480,000 sq km (1993 est.)
  • Natural Hazards: droughts, flash floods, severe thunderstorms common; earthquakes
  • Environment - Current Issues: deforestation; soil erosion; overgrazing; desertification; air pollution from industrial effluents and vehicle emissions; water pollution from raw sewage and runoff of agricultural pesticides; tap water is not potable throughout the country; huge and growing population is overstraining natural resources
  • Environment - International Agreements:
    party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
    signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
  • Geography - Note: dominates South Asian subcontinent; near important Indian Ocean trade routes
Indian Communications
  • Telephones - main lines in use: 18.95 million (1999)
  • Telephones - Mobile Cellular: 1.9 million (April 1998)
  • Telephone system: mediocre service; local and long distance service provided throughout all regions of the country, with services primarily concentrated in the urban areas; major objective is to continue to expand and modernize long-distance network in order to keep pace with rapidly growing number of local subscriber lines; steady improvement is taking place with the recent admission of private and private-public investors, but demand for communication services is also growing rapidly
    domestic: local service is provided by microwave radio relay and coaxial cable, with open wire and obsolete electromechanical and manual switchboard systems still in use in rural areas; starting in the 1980s, a substantial amount of digital switch gear has been introduced for local and long-distance service; long-distance traffic is carried mostly by coaxial cable and low-capacity microwave radio relay; since 1985 significant trunk capacity has been added in the form of fiber-optic cable and a domestic satellite system with 254 earth stations; mobile cellular service is provided in four metropolitan cities
    international: satellite earth stations - 8 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and 1 Inmarsat (Indian Ocean region); nine gateway exchanges operating from Mumbai (Bombay), New Delhi, Calcutta, Chennai (Madras), Jalandhar, Kanpur, Gaidhinagar, Hyderabad, and Ernakulam; 4 submarine cables - LOCOM linking Chennai (Madras) to Penang; Indo-UAE-Gulf cable linking Mumbai (Bombay) to Al Fujayrah, UAE; India-SEA-ME-WE-3, SEA-ME-WE-2 with landing sites at Cochin and Mumbai (Bombay); Fiber-Optic Link Around the Globe (FLAG) with landing site at Mumbai (Bombay)
  • Radio Broadcast Stations: AM 153, FM 91, shortwave 68 (1998)
  • Radios: 116 million (1997)
  • Television Broadcast Stations: 562 (of which 82 stations have 1 kW or greater power and 480 stations have less than 1 kW of power) (1997)
  • Televisions: 63 million (1997)
  • Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 3 (1999)
Go Top
India

Indian Transportation
  • Railways:
    total: 62,915 km (12,307 km electrified; 12,617 km double track)
    broad gauge: 40,620 km 1.676-m gauge
    narrow gauge: 18,501 km 1.000-m gauge; 3,794 km 0.762-m and 0.610-m gauge (1998 est.)
  • Highways:
    total: 3,319,644 km
    paved: 1,517,077 km
    unpaved: 1,802,567 km (1996 est.)
  • Waterways: 16,180 km; 3,631 km navigable by large vessels
  • Pipelines: crude oil 3,005 km; petroleum products 2,687 km; natural gas 1,700 km (1995)
  • Ports and Harbors: Calcutta, Chennai (Madras), Cochin, Jawaharal Nehru, Kandla, Mumbai (Bombay), Vishakhapatnam
  • Merchant Marine:
    total:321 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 6,647,268 GRT/11,074,025 DWT
    ships by type: bulk 124, cargo 69, chemical tanker 14, combination bulk 1, combination ore/oil 4, container 15, liquified gas 10, passenger/cargo 5, petroleum tanker 75, short-sea passenger 2, specialized tanker 2 (1999 est.)
  • Airports: 346 (1999 est.)
  • Airports - with Paved Runways:
    total: 238
    over 3,047 m: 12
    2,438 to 3,047 m: 49
    1,524 to 2,437 m: 84
    914 to 1,523 m: 74
    under 914 m: 19 (1999 est.)
  • Airports - with Unpaved Runways:
    total: 108
    2,438 to 3,047 m: 2
    1,524 to 2,437 m: 4
    914 to 1,523 m: 47
    under 914 m: 55 (1999 est.)
  • Heliports: 16 (1999 est.)
Indian Population
  • Population: 1,014,003,817 (July 2000 est.)
  • Age Structure:
    0-14 years: 34% (male 175,228,164; female 165,190,951)
    15-64 years: 62% (male 324,699,562; female 301,821,383)
    65 years and over: 4% (male 23,925,371; female 23,138,386) (2000 est.)
  • Population Growth Rate: 1.58% (2000 est.)
  • Birth Rate: 24.79 births/1,000 population (2000 est.)
  • Death Rate: 8.88 deaths/1,000 population (2000 est.)
  • Net Migration Rate: -0.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2000 est.)
  • Sex Ratio:
    at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
    under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
    15-64 years: 1.08 male(s)/female
    65 years and over: 1.03 male(s)/female
    total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2000 est.)
  • Infant Mortality Rate: 64.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2000 est.)
  • Life Expectancy at Birth:
    total population:62.5 years
    male: 61.89 years
    female: 63.13 years (2000 est.)
  • Total Fertility Rate: 3.11 children born/woman (2000 est.)
  • Nationality:
    noun: Indian(s)
    adjective: Indian
  • Ethnic Groups: Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3%
  • Religions: Hindu 80%, Muslim 14%, Christian 2.4%, Sikh 2%, Buddhist 0.7%, Jains 0.5%, other 0.4%
  • Languages: English enjoys associate status but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication, Hindi the national language and primary tongue of 30% of the people, Bengali (official), Telugu (official), Marathi (official), Tamil (official), Urdu (official), Gujarati (official), Malayalam (official), Kannada (official), Oriya (official), Punjabi (official), Assamese (official), Kashmiri (official), Sindhi (official), Sanskrit (official), Hindustani (a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India)
    note: 24 languages each spoken by a million or more persons; numerous other languages and dialects, for the most part mutually unintelligible
  • Literacy:
    definition: age 15 and over can read and write
    total population: 52%
    male: 65.5%
    female: 37.7% (1995 est.)
Go Top


Courtesy www.photius.com